Living in Texas for several years now and know nothing about oil rigs other than we have a lot of them, so I decided to edumacate myself.
They’re basically just a big drill. The bit is on the end of a length of pipe called the “string” made up of sections (called “stands”) typically around 30’ long, that join together at joints. As the well gets deeper, you have to add stands one by one. Some stands are joined in advance in two to four joints before being added to the string, to cut down on the time it takes to complete the dig.
The stands are stored vertically in racks, where, at the top, a “derrickman” moves them one by one over to a pulley block which has an elevator that clamps onto the pipe securing it at the top, and then the derrickman maneuvers the pipe so the floor crew can grab the bottom, and insert the threaded end into the female end of the previous stand. (The first one is disconnected from the “Kelly”, basically a driveshaft).
This derrickman can be as high as ten stories up, and just dangles himself on safety lines over thin air to position the pipe for his work mates below.
The threads are doped, the stand spun to screw it in place, and then “tongs” applied (basically a large wrench) to tighten down the joint. A brake had been applied to the string to hold it for the new section, this is removed, the section lowered, and the process repeated.
Wells can vary a great deal in depth. Many thousands of feet, and this process of adding sections to the string can require hundreds of repetitions. When the bit is worn and needs to be replaced, the process is reversed and the entire string pulled back out section by section, then re-installed again with the new bit. When the well reaches the desired depth, the whole string is removed once again, testing equipment is lowered to confirm that they did indeed strike oil and it’s a good dig. Then a whole new process of installing permanent pipe with concrete casing happens and the well can begin to produce.
In this video they are actually removing the pipe for whatever reason. A string might need to be brought back out if a section is cracked or some idiot drops something down in it or whatever. As it is removed it must be put back up into the vertical rack, or alternately, may be stacked lying down on the ground which I assume is the final removal when drilling is complete. After the pipe is disconnected (using the tongs again) he applies a cap to the end to protect the threads and places it on that slide thingie, (remember the elevator is holding the top) then the elevator lowers it down, the elevator is removed and applied to the next section to pull out.
That mud you see is lubricant. They call it “mud” but it’s not really mud, but a special gel like substance specifically designed for this purpose the weight of which must be controlled or bad things happen. During active drilling it is continuously pumped down through the pipe and moves back up around the outside to be sent to a holding pond (mud pit?), filtered and recycled back.
I love the offscreen guy throwing caps at the roughneck, and he flawlessly catches them every time.🤣🤣
I also like the way he grins at the mud then it splashes at him.